This document explores the transition from Industry 4.0 to Industry 5.0, highlighting their origins, principles, and evolving roles in shaping industrial production. While Industry 4.0 is defined by its technology-driven focus on cyber-physical systems, digitalization, and productivity, Industry 5.0 repositions industry as a value-driven endeavor that emphasizes human-centricity, sustainability, and resilience. The paper addresses key questions about their coexistence, potential synergies, and future trajectories, framing Industry 5.0 not as a chronological successor but as a complementary paradigm that integrates societal goals into technological innovation
